MYTHS ABOUT THE B-1
-
We carry nuclear weapons
Nope, the software/hardware to do so was
removed long ago nor has any B-1 crewmember trained for this in several
years.
- It's Electronic
Warfare System/ECM doesn't work
Actually it's the best fielded, self-defense defensive jamming system out
there, which is amazing considering it's 1970's technology. It was
designed to allow individual B-1s, operating without any fighter escort or
standoff jammer support, to penetrate the sophisticated Soviet air defense
system. Wish I could be more specific as to its capabilities
especially versus other aircraft but most of that discussion would be
classified. Certainly the ALQ-161 Defensive Avionics System was rushed
into service and had teething pains, but these have subsequently been
corrected. Our main problems with the system now concern maintenance
and sustainability issues. Many of the parts aren't made any more (an
increasing problem with most USAF combat aircraft) and it is
expensive to keep it working. During OEF, our DAS maintainers did an
outstanding job and I rarely encountered significant
degradation. To be sure, we'd like a few more hardware upgrades
to keep it effective against newer threats, but I'd trust my life to the
system. I can't think of any higher praise...
- It's unreliable
Maybe I've been lucky but I've very
rarely canceled a sortie due to maintenance issues. Our primary
reliability problem is twofold; lack of spare parts (the AF never bought a
full complement to begin with) and low experience in the maintenance
force. They do an awesome job but retention problems have cost us (and
the rest of the AF) a lot of good experience. Nevertheless, my
squadron only missed 1 of 300 scheduled sorties during OEF.
-
We can go Mach Two
The B-1A model could but we
can't. We lack the B-1A's variable geometry engine inlets plus we have
radar screening shields in our intakes that cut down on airflow but hide the
engine inlets from enemy radars, reducing our radar cross section
(RCS). Still, we can go Mach 1.1+ and sustain it longer than most
fighters.
-
It must carry a stores bay fuel tank for decent range
We carry it for training or ferry
sorties but have never carried a stores bay fuel tank during combat including DESERT FOX, ALLIED FORCE, ENDURING FREEDOM, or IRAQI FREEDOM, but we have carried them recently in operations. Incidentally,
for those modelers out there, we always carry it in the forward bay due to
center-of-gravity considerations rather than in the aft bay as it shows on a
popular B-1 model kit. We certainly don't have the range of the mighty
B-52, but we do require much less tanking support than fighters do. We
could have stayed on station another 3 hours with the extra gas the fighter
types were using to get to Afghanistan. In recent times, we have carried a bay tank to extend on station time as generally there aren't enough targets per sortie to justify three bays of weapons. In general we don't need to carry a bank tank but might carry it if on-station time is more useful than carry a max weapons load.
-
It has a huge area for the crew
People are always surprised when
first climbing into a Bone. They expect a large crew area for such a
large airplane. Well, it's not that big. We have room for a
chemical toilet and four crewmembers. During long duration sorties,
one person can stretch and sleep in the aisle. Sometimes another
crewmember will sleep in the avionics bay behind the crew compartment though
this is usually filled to the roof during long sorties (our luggage, spare
parts, etc.). As an aside, my longest sortie was 27.5 hours while
ferrying a jet to Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean, non-stop from Dyess
AFB. If I remember right, we refueled in mid-air four times.
That was a painful flight!
- It is a stealth airplane
While it was designed with radar cross
section reducing features, it certainly doesn't have the level of
furtiveness of the B-2A or F-117a. It is classified as a low-RCS
aircraft rather than a true stealth platform and we don't rely on it's low
RCS for protection. We leave that to clever tactics, the ALQ-161
Defensive Avionics System, and integrating into a package of other aircraft
for protection.
- It looks
like a fighter, so it flies like a fighter
Though very maneuverable for an
aircraft it's size, it's not a fighter. We are limited to 2.5 Gs
peacetime and 3 Gs wartime. Thus, our turn radius is huge and we can't
out turn any fighter. To put it in perspective, fighters like the
MiG-29 or F-16 can pull 9 Gs. Where we really compare to a fighter is
in speed. Our cruise speed at low altitude is 540 kts (or about
600mph). Many fighters can fly a higher maximum speed but they can't
sustain it like we can. We typically carry about 185,000 pounds of
fuel during war so we can sustain a high speed for a very long time.
Our fuel flow during maximum afterburner is about 100,000 lbs/hour so we
could theoretically sustain that for almost two hours. In practice,
the engines would overheat if the blowers were used that long. At any
rate, most fighters can only sustain afterburner for 10-15 minutes and then
get very low on gas. Thus, we can out run most fighters in the long
run (the tortoise and the hare story...) To be sure, the F-22 with its
supercruise ability will leave us in the dust but we have an edge with most
Russian built fighters.
- It crashes
frequently
When the Bone was first brought online, it was predicted the USAF would lose
one a year due the amount of low level flying we do. Low level flying
is the most dangerous military flying and accounts for most of the accidents
and fatalities. Our actual loss rate has been 1 every 2-3 years.
That's more amazing when you consider how much more time we spend at low
level (and at night) than most other fast jets. In fifteen years of
operation, we've lost 7 Bones and half of those were due to crew
error. I'm also amazed how well it works considering how complicated
it is. It's like a 200 hundred ton Swiss watch. The electrical
system is fantastically complex, the wings move, the hydraulic system is
4000 psi (only other jet with that is the Concorde, other jets are 3000 psi),
etc., etc. It always amazes me when I'm on a long sortie (over 10
hours) that the engines just run for hours without a hiccup, always going
despite being 1000F and spinning at several thousand rpm...
Anyways, the reason we're comparatively safe is we have four crewmembers to
divide up the workload. It's been my experience, at least one person
will have a clue about what's going no matter how difficult the mission
gets. That keeps us out of trouble...a lot... I'm all about crew
airplanes... :)
- It Flew in Desert
Storm
It didn't fly in
Desert Storm because it was still transferring over to conventional
operations. A comprehensive upgrade had to be complete first to give
us the full range of awesome conventional capabilities we now enjoy.
This upgrade is ongoing and we give us even better capabilities in the
future. During Desert Storm, the Bone sat nuclear alert as it was
supposed to (remember the Cold War wasn't quite over then). By the way, the
Bone flew in Desert Fox, Allied Force, and Operation Enduring Freedom.
In Allied Force and Enduring Freedom, we dropped the lion's share of weapons
even though we were a small percentage of the participating aircraft.
For Operation Enduring Freedom in particular, we dropped more JDAMs than
anyone else and we were the real work horse in Afghanistan. Countless
times, troops on the ground turned other aircraft away to work with the
Bone. We were a favorite of the Special Forces and besides the AC-130
we were probably the highest demand aircraft for our ground brethren.
And yet you never hear of anything we did over there in the media...
- The GBU-31
JDAM is GPS-guided
The Joint Direct Attack Munition or
JDAM is not GPS-guided. Rather it is INU (inertial navigation
unit) guided and GPS-aided. Upon release the weapon takes the last
known position from the aircraft's INS (inertial navigation system) and then
its INU measures deviation from that point as it travels to the
target. By measuring changes in acceleration the weapon can determine
where it is in relation to the target and make course corrections to get
there. Along the way the weapon acquires a GPS signal and uses that to
update its INU. If the weapon fails to acquire a GPS lockon or GPS is
being jammed, it is still guided via its INU albeit with degraded
accuracy. Obviously we would prefer to drop the weapon with GPS-aiding
especially when we have collateral damage concerns but we can still get
acceptable accuracy without it. It's a misnomer to say that GPS
jamming will defeat the JDAM weapon and therefore its not a worthwhile
weapon. The Bone especially can employ the weapon accurately with INU-only
guidance because with using our excellent radar we can keep our own aircraft
INS very tight without GPS aiding.